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Hacking is the unauthorized exploration and manipulation of computer systems, networks, or software, while ethical hacking involves legal and constructive efforts to identify and rectify security weaknesses, contributing to overall cybersecurity.
Cyber Law addresses legal aspects of digital crimes and online activities, with the Information Technology Act (IT Act) in India providing guidelines for electronic transactions, data protection, and penalties for cyber offenses, shaping the regulatory framework for the digital landscape.
Setting up a penetration testing lab involves creating a controlled environment with virtual machines, networking configurations, and security tools for simulated real-world scenarios. Platforms like VirtualBox or VMware, combined with diverse operating systems and security tools, enhance hands-on learning and skill development for ethical hacking.
Information gathering is a crucial phase in cybersecurity, involving the systematic collection of data from various sources to understand a target's infrastructure, vulnerabilities, and potential points of exploitation, providing a foundation for effective penetration testing and risk assessment. Techniques include open-source intelligence (OSINT), network scanning, and reconnaissance to gather insights for securing and fortifying digital assets.
Viruses, worms, and Trojans are malicious software; viruses attach to programs, worms spread independently, and Trojans disguise as legitimate files. Robust antivirus, safe online habits, and regular software updates are crucial defenses against these cybersecurity threats.
Linux fundamentals in file permissions and security include using commands like chmod and chown to configure access rights, setting permission levels for users and groups. Practicing the principle of least privilege and staying updated on security measures contribute to a secure Linux environment.
Wireshark can be used for traffic sniffing, potentially exposing unencrypted passwords transmitted over a network. Employing secure, encrypted protocols like HTTPS is crucial to prevent unauthorized access and protect sensitive information.
Social engineering attacks use psychological manipulation to deceive individuals or organizations, exploiting tactics like phishing and impersonation to gain access to sensitive information. Defense involves awareness, education, and vigilance to mitigate the risks of these deceptive tactics.
Insecure cookie and session management in web applications, marked by inadequate encryption and predictable session IDs, can lead to unauthorized access or session hijacking. Adhering to secure coding practices, implementing HTTPS, and robust session handling mechanisms are essential for preventing security breaches.
Google Hacking utilizes advanced search operators to find exposed sensitive information, and authentication bypass exploits weaknesses in login mechanisms for unauthorized access. Implementing robust security measures, regular audits, and safeguarding sensitive data are crucial defenses against these techniques.
Basic SQL injection manipulates input fields to inject malicious SQL code, posing a risk of unauthorized database access or tampering. Preventive measures include input validation, parameterized queries, and adopting best practices to secure web applications against this common vulnerability.
Advanced SQL Injection, such as Blind SQL Injection, extracts database information through true or false responses without direct feedback. Mitigation involves rigorous security measures, including input validation, parameterized queries, and thorough testing to address potential vulnerabilities in web applications.
Exploiting vulnerabilities with Metasploit involves using pre-built exploits for ethical hacking and penetration testing, emphasizing securing systems rather than malicious activities. Caution and adherence to ethical guidelines are essential in its use.
Wireless hacking exploits Wi-Fi vulnerabilities, while Wi-Fi password cracking aims to unauthorizedly access networks by decrypting or bypassing security protocols. Strengthening defenses includes using robust encryption, regularly updating passwords, and implementing security measures like WPA3 for resilient wireless networks.
The WannaCry ransomware in 2017 utilized the EternalBlue vulnerability, impacting unpatched Windows systems and emphasizing the urgency of timely security updates. The practical application of EternalBlue highlighted the widespread impact of exploiting known vulnerabilities, underscoring the need for robust cybersecurity measures.
Network jamming disrupts communication signals through deliberate interference, causing denial of service. Mitigating measures include firewalls and intrusion detection systems to counteract such attacks and ensure network resilience.
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The global cyber security market size was estimated at USD 202.72 billion in 2022 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.3% from 2023 to 2030.
Cybersecurity is an In-demand skill, which will have 3.5Mn job vacancies in 2023! Cybersecurity professionals can make between ₹6LPA and ₹32LPA salary a year on average.
As the digital economy grows, digital crime grows with it. Soaring numbers of online and mobile interactions are creating millions of attacks opportunities. Many lead to data breaches that threaten both people and businesses. At the current rate of growth, damage from cyberattacks will amount to about $10.5 trillion annually by 2025—a 300 percent increase from 2015 levels.